晉太宗宣武帝實錄9

晉太宗宣武帝實錄9

陳牧:寡人慾幸櫟陽遊獵,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,今收穫未畢,非人君順動之時,且大王萬乘之尊,暗行荒野,踐深林,涉豐草,非萬全之計也,且聖主不乘危,不僥倖,今大王騁六飛,馳不測之山,如有馬驚車敗,大王縱慾自輕,奈宗廟何?

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:IwanttogohuntinginLiyang,Whatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,It『snottimeforyoutogohuntingbeforetheautumnharvestisover,Youareanobleking,anditisnotsafetogohuntinginthewildernessanddeepforests,Akingshouldnottakechancesandputthemselvesindanger,Nowyougohuntingincasethehorseisfrightenedandthecarisdamaged,Thecountrywillbeunstable。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陳牧:怪哉,今雨雪三日而天不寒,何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,非天不寒,乃大王有衣裘故也,且古之賢君,飽而知人之飢,溫而知人之寒,逸而知人之勞,今大王不知也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:It『sweird,Itrainedforthreedaysbutitwasn『tcold,Sirtaughtmewhy。

xiaofan:Ithink,It『snotthatit『snotcoldbutyou『rewearingthickclothes,Wisekingsinthepastknewthesufferingsofthepeopleandwonderedwhetherthepeoplewerehungryandcold,Nowadays,youdon『tknowverywell。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陳牧:今戎事方興,而契丹寇邊,寡人甚憂之,先生何以教我?

蕭凡:臣以為,自古凡備邊之策,不過二科,武夫盡征伐之謀,儒生講和親之約,今若欲追蹤衛、霍,自非大田淮、泗,內實兗、豫,使民有贏儲,野有積穀,然後發精卒十萬,一舉盪夷,則不足為也,若但欲遣軍追討,報其侵暴,則彼必輕騎奔走,不肯會戰,徒興巨費,不損於彼,報復之役,將遂無已,斯策之最末者也,安邊固守,於計為長,且斥候之郊,非耕牧之地,故堅壁清野以俟其來,整甲繕兵以乘其弊,保民全境,不出此塗也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Thewarbetweenthekingdomshadjustbegun,andtheKhitansuddenlyinvadedtheborder,Iamveryworried,Sirtaughtmewhattodo。

xiaofan:Ithinktherehavebeentwowaystoguardagainstborderaggressionsinceancienttimes,First,thegeneralsadvocatedacounterattack,Second,theministersadvocatemarriage,Ifwewanttoeliminatethem,thenwemustexpandagriculturalproduction,Thentrain100,000elitesoldierstofightagreatarmageddon,Ifitisonlytopursuethemforrevengeandtheywillnotnecessarilyfight,Thenwewilllosealotofmoneyandfood,andthewarwillbeendless,Soborderdefenseisthemostappropriate,Andthisisnotanagriculturalregion,emptytheperipheryandreorganizethearmamentstowaitforthemtoarriveandcounterattack,Thisisthemostappropriatewaytodefendtheborder。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:敢問先生,何為納言之政?

蕭凡:納言之政,謂為諫諍,所以采眾下之謀也,故君有諍臣,父有諍子,當其不義則諍之,將順其美,匡救其惡,惡不可順,美不可逆,順惡逆美,其國必危,夫人君拒諫,則忠臣不敢進其謀,而邪臣專行其政,此為國之害也,故有道之國,危言危行,無道之國,危言行孫,上無所聞,下無所說,故孔子不恥下聞,周公不恥下賤,故行成名著,後世以為聖。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Sirwhatisthepoliticsofadoptingopinions?

xiaofan:Thiskindofpoliticsisadvice,thatis,theadoptionofotherpeople『sopinions,Thekinghasministers,andthefatherhasthesonsofthecounselors,Iftheydon『tdoitright,theyhavetogotocourt,Whatisrightshouldbesupported,andwhatiswrongshouldbeopposed,Conversely,thecountryisindanger,Thekingrefusedtobeconsultedbyhisloyalists,Thenthetraitorswillcontrolthegovernmentandcausechaosinthecountry,Goodcountrieswillacceptadvice,badcountrieswilldotheopposite。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:敢問先生,何為考黜之政?

蕭凡:考黜之政,謂遷善黜惡,明主在上,心昭在上,察知善惡,廣及四海,不敢遺小國之臣,下及庶人,進用賢良,退去貪懦,明良上下,企及國理,眾賢雨集,此所以勸善黜惡,陳之休咎,故考黜之政,務知人之所苦也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:IwouldliketoaskSirwhatisaperformanceappraisal?

xiaofan:Theappraisalofpoliticalperformanceistoselecttalentsanddismisstraitors,Wisekingscandistinguishbetweengoodandevilintheworld,Evenministersandpeopleofsmallcountriesmaybeselected,Thepurposeofselectingtalentsanddismissingtraitorsistopunishevilandpromotegood,Theperformanceappraisalmustunderstandthesufferingofthepeople。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今燕地初平,而先老消落,後生不識,慕戀之心,日遠日忘矣,寡人甚傷之,先生何以教我?

蕭凡:臣以為,嬰兒之失其母也,使婢妾飼之,受其狎侮,未嘗不泣也,已而聽之矣,已而安之矣,已而語之以母而不信矣,過墓而若有若無,且歸而亟依婢妾矣,夫人至忘其母而不知悲,則僅留之家老,垂死而有餘哀也,今大王克有燕地,正是大行教化之時,切勿做女兒態。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:NowtheYanKingdomhasjustbeenpacified,Buttheoldpeoplehavepassedawayandthenewpeopledon『tknowus,andtheyfeellessandlessclosetous,Iamverysadaboutthis,Sirtoldmewhattodo?

xiaofan:Ithink,Babieslosetheirparentsandareraisedbyservants,Babieswerebulliedbyservantsandoftencried,Overtime,theygetusedtoit,Tellthemthetruthatthistime,theydon『tbelieveitanymore,Theywouldtreattheirservantsastheirownparents,whichwasasadthing,NowthatyouhaveoccupiedtheYanKingdom,itisthetimetopromoteindoctrination,Don『tbeoverlysadlikealittlegirl。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:寡人慾營園田,以收其利,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,天地無私,故能覆載,王者無私,故能容養,今大王萬盛之尊,萬方所則,而營立私田,畜養雞犬,乃至酤販市廛,與民爭利,謗聲流布,不可追掩,夫天下者,大王之天下,富有四海,何求而無,乃與販夫販婦競此尺寸之利乎!昔虢之將亡,神賜之土田,漢靈帝私立府藏,皆有顛覆之禍,前鑒若此,甚可畏也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣,當為卿改之。

chenmu:Iwanttobuysomelandtocollecttherent,Sirthinksso?

xiaofan:Ithink,Heavenandearthareselfless,sotheycancarryallthings,Thekingisselfless,sohecantoleratetheworld,Nowyouareanobleking,andthewholeworldisfollowingyourexample,Instead,youbuyfarmproductsandbreedchickensanddogs,Evenifyoudobusiness,thepurposeistocompetewiththepeopleforinterests,Thisisverysorryandcheapthing,ThelastemperoroftheHanDynastydidthesame,andeventuallyheledthecountrytoextinction,Youshouldlearnthelessonandbeafraid。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong,Iwillcorrectitforsir。

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晉太宗宣武帝實錄9

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