晉太宗宣武帝實錄22

晉太宗宣武帝實錄22

陳牧:寡人為政,何等優劣?請先生直言。

蕭凡:臣以為,德、仁、功、利,大王兼而行之,內平禍亂,外阻戎狄,是大王之功也。安諸黎元,使有生業,是大王之利也。由此言之,功利居多,惟德與仁,願大王自強不息,必可致太平。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Howgoodismylevelofgovernanceinthecountry?Sirtaughtmethetruth。

xiaofan:Ithink,TheVirtue,benevolence,merit,andbenefithaveallbeendonebyyou,Itisyourcredittoquellcivilstrifeandresistforeignnations,Itisinyourinteresttoappeasethepeopleandrestoreproduction,Soyourachievementsaregreaterinmeritandbenefit,Youneedtokeepworkinghardintermsofmoralityandbenevolence,Thenitwilldefinitelymaketheworldstable。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:寡人願聞,任官擇賢之道,先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,致治之本,惟在於審,量才授職,務省官員,故《書》稱:任官惟賢才。又云:『官不必備,惟其人。』若得其善者,雖少亦足矣;其不善者,縱多奚為?古人亦以官不得其才,比於畫地作餅,不可食也。《詩》曰:謀夫孔多,是用不就。又云:『官事不攝,焉得儉?』且千羊之皮,不如一狐之腋。此皆載在典籍,不能具道。願大王,並省官員,量定才出,使得各當所任,則無為而治矣。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Iwanttoknowwhatthecriteriaforselectingtalentsare?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Thefundamentalwaytogovernthecountryistoselecttalents,Delegatetoworkforthem,accordingtotheirabilities,Andunimportantpositionsneedtobereduced,Thepositionmustmatchthetalentoftheperson,It『sbettertohavefewertalentedpeoplethantogetalotofincompetentpeople,Theancientsthoughtthesamething,Ihopeyouwillfollowtheirexample,Thenthecountrywillbegoverned。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:寡人聞,欲不可縱,何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為欲至無極,以尋難窮之物,雖有賢聖之姿,鮮不衰敗矣。故修身治國也,要莫大於節慾。《傳》曰:欲不可縱。歷觀有家有國者,其得之也,莫不階於儉約;其失之也,莫不由於奢侈。儉者節慾,奢者放情。放情者危,節慾者安。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Iwonderwhydesirecan『tbeindulged?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithinkdesireisendless,Eventhesageswilldecayiftheywanttopursueaninfinitedesire,Sothebestwaytogovernthecountryandregulateyourselfistosuppressdesires,Inthepast,thecountryprosperedmuchbecauseofeconomy,thedeclineofthecountrywasmostlyduetoluxury,Frugalpeoplesuppresstheirdesiresandwilleventuallybesafe,Extravagantpeopleindulgetheirdesiresandcanendupindanger。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今大臣議傅太后,不宜合葬先帝,寡人當如何處之?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,傅氏雖不遵法度,而太后常自減損。大王奉事十年,深惟大義,禮,人子無貶父母之文,恩不忍離,義不忍虧,案前世,上官太后亦無降黜,願大王以親親之道理之。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:TheministerssaidthatEmpressFushouldnotbeburiedwiththeoldemperor,HowshouldIhandlethis?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,EmpressFu『sfamilyoftendidnotfollowtherules,Butsheoftenrestrainedherselffromdoingso,Andyou『veservedherformorethanadecade,Thereisamother-sonrelationshipbetweenyou,Accordingtoetiquette,thesondoesnotdemeanhisparents,Asason,noonecanbeartodoso,Besides,theformerEmpressShangguanwasnotdeposed,Ihopeyouuseaffectiontosolvethismatter。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:近來讀書乏味,寡人慾棄之,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,人君不可以不學。魏武帝佐命興漢,東西誅戰,不遑啟處,然猶投戈講藝,息馬論道。魏文帝庶政萬機,無不簡心,而垂情古典,游意經藝,每饗射禮畢,正坐自講,諸儒並聽,四方欣欣,大王常自比唐太宗,豈可不學乎?大王宜下明詔,博求幽隱,寵進儒雅,則政化可期也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:LatelyreadingboringIdon『twanttoread,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,Thereisnokingwhodoesnotlearn,CaoCaoassistedtheHanDynastyinfrequentconquests,Hewasverybusyandstillkeptlearning,Hissonisalsoverybusywithgovernmentaffairs,Healsoinsistedonstudyingassoonashehadtime,YouoftencompareyourselftoLiShimin,Soyouhavetostudyharder。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陳牧:今齊國李寧,攻殺長吏,眾至數萬,將入魏郡,寡人甚憂之,先生何以教我?

蕭凡:臣以為,此賊犬羊相聚,以求溫飽耳,大王勿以為憂也,其在朝歌,去敖倉不過百里,而齊國之民流亡萬數,賊不知開倉招眾,劫庫兵,下中山,斷我之右臂,此不足憂也,然大王常欲一天下,齊國之民,亦大王之民也,願大王擊而降之,以復其故業,上從天心,下順民意,霸王之業可成也。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:NowTheStateofQiLiNinghadkilledhiscommanderandhadtensofthousandsoftroops,IamveryworriedaboutthepossibilitythattheymayenterWeitown,Sirtaughtmewhattodo?

xiaofan:Ithink,Theygatheredtoeat,Soyoudon『thavetoworry,TheyarenomorethanafewhundredmilesawayfromAoCangandhavetensofthousandsofrefugees,Buthedidnotrescuethepeopleandexpandedhisarmy,TheydidnotcapturethearsenaltoattackZhongshanandcutoffourflanks,Soit『snotworthworryingabout,Youoftenwanttosettletheworld,SoyouhavetotakethepeopleofthecountryofQiasyourown,Ihopeyouwilldefeatthemandpersuadethemtosurrender,Andrestoretheirindustries,soastoconformtothewillofthepeople,Onlythencanyourhegemonysucceed。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今言事諫爭者,語多激切,寡人甚忿,先生何以教我?

蕭凡:臣以為,仁君廣山藪之大,納切直之謀,忠臣盡謇諤之節,不畏逆耳之害,是以高祖舍周昌桀、紂之譬,孝文嘉袁盎人豕之譏,武帝納東方朔宣室之正,元帝容薛廣德自刎之切。今明詔納諫,推元之誠,引咎克躬,諮訪群吏。言事者,承風響應,爭為切直,必然之勢,若嘉謀異策,宜輒納用,良藥苦口,如其譏刺,且優遊寬容,以示聖朝無諱之美,以廣直言之路。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Nowadays,thepersonwhomakestheadviceisveryunfriendly,I『mangryaboutthat,Sirtaughtmewhattodo?

xiaofan:Ithink,TheHolyKingshouldhaveaheartasbroadasamountain,Andcantaketheadviceofotherswithintegrity,Onlythenwillloyalservantsworkhardforyou,Soyoudon『thatethatpeoplearenotfriendlytotalk,Inthepast,theholykingsweretolerantofministerswhocouldbeupright,Now,youhavesincerelyadoptedtheMinister『sadviceinalowprofile,Thentheministerwillgiveyouanuprightsuggestion,Thisisaninevitabletrend,Ifhisstrategyisgood,evenifhedoesn『tspeakfriendly,youhavetobetoleranttoshowtheatmosphereoftoleranceintheimperialcourt,Andleadotherstomakesuggestionswithintegrity。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

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