晉太宗宣武帝實錄21

晉太宗宣武帝實錄21

陳牧:寡人慾知,國之存亡所系何哉?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,國之所以存者,得道也;所以亡者,理塞也。故得生道者,雖小必大;有亡征者,雖成必敗。國之亡也,大不足恃;道之行也,小不可輕。故存在得道,不在於小;亡在失道,不在於大。故亂國之主,務於廣地,而不務於仁義;務於高位,而不務於道德。是舍其所以存,而造其所以亡也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Iwanttoknowwhatmattersabouttheriseandfallofanation,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Thenationthrivesbecauseitupholdsjustice,Thereasonwhythecountryisgoingtoperishisbecauseitisnolongerjust,Insistonjustice,evenifthecountryissmall,itwillbecomestrong,Withoutupholdingjustice,evenifthecountryisstrong,itwilldecline,Theriseandfallofacountrydoesnotdependonitssize,butwhetheritupholdsjustice,Thefaintingkingwasbusyexpandinghisterritoryratherthanpromotingbenevolence,Theyarebusyfightingforpowerinsteadofcultivatingtheirvirtues,Theygaveupjusticeandchosedeath。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:太祖吏政尚嚴切,尚書決事,率近於重,吾欲革之,然孝子不改父之道,寡人當如何處之,先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,先王之政,賞不僣,刑不濫。與其不得已,寧僣無濫。往者斷獄嚴明,所以威懲奸佞,時勢然也,奸佞既平,必宜濟之以寬。大王即位,率由此義,而有司未悉奉承,猶尚深刻。夫為政猶張琴瑟,大弦急者小弦絕。大王宜隆先王之道,蕩滌煩苛之法,輕薄棰楚以濟群生,全廣至德以奉天心,苟利於民,何不革之,顯榮祖宗,此乃大孝也。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Thefirstemperorruledthecountryverystrictly,Theministeralsohandledgovernmentaffairsharshly,Iwanttochangethissituation,butIamafraidthatitisnotfilialpiety,WhatamIgoingtodo?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,TheHolyKinggovernsthecountry,anddoesnotindiscriminatelyrewardorpunish,Itisbettertochoosearewardthantopunishindiscriminately,Previously,thelawwasharshbecauseitpunishedevil,Nowthattheworldhassettleddown,thelawshouldbeslightlymorerelaxed,Sinceyoubecameking,youhaveaskedforthis,Buttheministerdidnotdowhatyouaskedfor,anditwasstillharsh,Governingacountryislikeplayingthestrings,Ifthestringsaretootightandurgent,itwillbreak,YoushouldfollowtheexampleoftheHolyKingingoverningthecountry,

Adjustharshlawsandreducepenaltiestomakepeoplecomfortable,Itisnecessarytocomplywiththewillofthepeople,Ifitisgoodforthepeople,whycan『titbechanged?Itisgreatfilialpietytomaketheancestorsreceiverespectandremembrance。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今朴政守孤城,力竭而退,寡人當如何處之?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,其以單兵守孤城,當契丹萬餘之眾,連月逾年,心力困盡,鑿山為井,煮靴為糧,前後殺傷北蠻數以千計,卒全忠勇,不為大晉恥,且契丹亦退,宜蒙顯爵,以厲將帥。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:NowPiaozhengdefendedtheisolatedcity,andeventuallyretreatedbecauseoflackofstrength,HowshouldIhandlethis?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Hedefendedthecitywithveryfewtroopsandresistedmorethan10,000Khitansoldiersformorethanayear,Theyusedupalltheirenergyandstrengthandkilledthousandsofenemiesintheabsenceofwaterandfood,Hisloyaltyandbraverydidnotinsultthecountry,Moreover,theKhitanalsoretreated,Youshouldgivehimapromotiontomotivatethewholearmy。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:寡人以儉治天下,然奢侈成風,何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,改政移風,必有其本。吳王好劍客,百姓多瘡痍;楚王好細腰,宮中多餓死。斯言如戲,有切事實。願大王罷服官,去不急,省奢侈,百姓從行不從言也,如此,則四海誦德,聲薰天地,神明可通也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Igovernthecountryinafrugalway,butthesocialmoresisextravagant,Sirtaughtmewhy?

xiaofan:Ithink,Ifyouwanttochangethissituation,youmustdealwithitfromthesource,Thekinglikedswordsmensomanypeoplewereinjuredbylearningswords,Thekinglikesskinnybeautiessomanywomeninthepalacestarvetodeathbecauseofweightloss,Althoughthisisaproverb,itisatruething,Ihopeyoucancutdownonsomeoftheunimportantinstitutionsandlivefrugally,Thepeoplefollowedthedeedsnotwords,Onlyinthiswaywilltheworldbeinspiredbyyouandbecomebetter。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:宦官夏桀觸犯有司,寡人當如何處之,先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,內侍之罪,莫大於欺罔,是以明君疾之。今夏桀所為,何異指鹿為馬,然卒不能罪之,則奸臣安所懲哉!大王不見趙高乎!人主之於臣下,患在不知其奸,苟或知之而復赦之,則不若不知之為愈也。何以言之?彼或為奸而上不之知,猶有所畏;既知而不能討,彼知其不足畏也,則放縱而無所顧矣!是故知善而不能用,知惡而不能去,人主之深戒也,望大王察之。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣,當為卿付之大理寺,以正典刑。

chenmu:TheeunuchXiaJiebrokethelaw,WhatshouldIdoaboutit?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Thegreatestcrimeoftheattendantsisdeception,Thereforethekinghatedsuchthingsverymuch,NowwhatXiaJiedidwastodescribethehorseasadeer,Ifhecouldnotbepunished,thenthetraitorswouldnotrelent,ZhaoGaooftheQinStatewaslikethis,Theking『stroublewasthathedidnotknowwhothetraitorswere,Ifyouknowwhothetraitorisbutforgivehim,thenitisbetternottoknow,thantiswhy?Youdon『tknowthatheisatraitorandhestillhasfearinhisheart,Youknowbutyoucan『tpunishhimthenhewon『tbeafraid,Knowthegoodpeople,butyoucan『tappointthem,Knowthewicked,butyoucan『tpunishthem,Thisisaverydeepwarningfromtheking,Ihopeyoudon『tmakethesamemistake。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong,Iwilltakehimtocourt。

陳牧:今有人誹謗吾先君,寡人慾罪之,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,凡言誹謗者,謂實無此事而虛加誣之也。至如太祖皇帝,政之美惡,顯在晉史,坦如日月,是為直書實事,非虛謗也。夫王者,為善為惡,天下莫不知之,假使所非實是,則固應悛改,儻其不當,亦宜含容,又何罪焉!大王不推原大數,深自為計,徒肆私忌以快其意,自今以後,苟見不可之事,終莫復言者矣。齊桓公親揚其先君之惡以唱管仲,然後群臣得盡其心,今大王乃欲為太祖遠諱實事,豈不與桓公異哉!非王者所為也!

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:NowsomeoneslanderedmyfatherandIwantedtopunishhim,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,TheRumorsarethatthereisnosuchthing,butsomepeopleslanderit,Theachievementsofthepreviouskingsarewritteninthehistorybooks,Itisveryclearandtruewithouttheneedforotherstoslander,Whetherthekingdoesgoodorbadthingscanbeseenbyeveryoneintheworld,Ifsomeonepointssomethingwrongthenyoushouldcorrectit,Evenifwhattheysayisnotappropriate,youshouldtoleratetheminsteadofpunishment,Youdon『tthinkabouttheoriginofthings,butonlythinkaboutyourownmoodandanger,Thentherewillbenoonetocorrectyourmistakesanymore,ThepreviousKingofQiallowedotherstopointoutthemistakesoftheirancestors,Sotheministersworkedveryhardtohelphimgovernthecountry,YourapproachisnotasgoodasthatofKingQi,Thisisnotwhatakingshoulddo。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

上一章書籍頁下一章

晉略

···
加入書架
上一章
首頁 其他 晉略
上一章下一章

晉太宗宣武帝實錄21

%