晉太宗宣武帝實錄17

晉太宗宣武帝實錄17

陳牧:寡人聞,政者,正也,何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為是也,為人君者,正心以正朝廷,正朝廷以正百官,正百官以正萬民,正萬民以正四方。四方正,遠近莫敢不壹於正,而亡有邪氣奸其間者,是以陰陽調而風雨時,群生和而萬民殖,諸福之物,可致之祥,莫不畢至,而政治成焉。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Iheard,Theessenceofpoliticsisjustice,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithinkso,Whentheking『sheartisfullofjustice,thenthegovernmentcanbejust,Onlywhenthegovernmentisjustwilltheofficialsbecomerighteous,Onlywhenofficialsarejustcantheymakethepeoplejustice,Whenthepeoplearefullofjustice,theworldwillbeharmoniousandstable,Thisistheembodimentofthehighestlevelofpolitics。Becausethis,countrywillalsobegovernedverywell。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:昨日夢遇太祖,寡人甚思之,請先生為我誦《高祖遺訓》。

蕭凡:臣遵旨,太祖日:爾父,少去鄉里,出身微寒,四十年間,位極九鼎,其間出萬死,獲一生者非一,破骨出鏃者凡百餘,爾曹生於膏粱,不知稼穡,當知爾父起家如此也,勿忘之。

陳牧:先生置之,寡人悲不自勝。

chenmu:IdreamedofmyfatheryesterdayandImisshimterribly,Sir,pleasereadmyfather『slastwords。

xiaofan:hesaid,Iwasbornpoorandleftmyparentsatanearlyage,Afterdecadesofhardwork,Ibecameemperor,Ialmostdiedmanytimesduringthistime,AndI『vebeeninjuredmorethanahundredtimes,Yourbrotherswerebornrichanddidnotknowhardships,Soyouhavetoknowthehardshipsofyourfather『sbusiness,Don『tforgetit。

chenmu:Sirdon『treaditanymore,Ilistenedverysadly

陳牧:寡人慾布教化於天下,先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,古之明王南面而治天下,莫不以教化為大務。立太學以教於國,設癢序以化於邑,漸民以仁,摩民以誼,節民以禮,故其刑罰甚輕而禁不犯者,教化行而習俗美也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Iwanttoeducatetheworld,Sirtaughtmehowtodoit。

xiaofan:Ithink,Ancientkingsruledtheworldandattachedimportancetoindoctrination,Therefore,theysetupschoolstopromoteindoctrination,Inspirethepeoplewithbenevolenceandetiquette,Therefore,althoughthelawsentencesarelight,fewpeopleviolatethelight,Theimplementationofindoctrinationhasmadethesocialatmospherebetter。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今羌王已至庭闕,寡人慾因勢斬之,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,王者之於戎狄,叛則討之,服則舍之。今羌王既服其罪,又從而誅之,後有叛者,不可得而懷矣。必以為有罪而討之,則宜陳師鞠旅,明致其罰。今乃遣使者誘以爵位而殺之,後有奉使諸國者,復可信乎!且以大晉之強,而為盜賊之謀於蠻夷,不亦羞乎?

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:TheKingofQianghadarrivedinthecapital,Iwantedtotaketheopportunitytokillhim,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,Thekinghastwoattitudestowardsforeignnations,Whentheybetray,youwillgoonacrusadeagainstthem,Whentheysurrender,youappeasethem,Nowhehassurrendered,butyouaregoingtokillhim,Inthefuture,iftherearebetrayers,theycannotbeappeased,Ifyouthinkheisguiltyandcrusadeagainsthim,Thensendanarmytofightthemandtellthepeopleoftheworldwhy,Nowyouhaveluredhimhereandareabouttokillhim,I『mafraidothercountrieswon『tbelieveyouanymore,Besides,ourcountryissopowerful,butyouhaveusedsuchlow-levelmeans,It『sashamefulthing。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陳牧:近聞蘭陵公荒淫無道,寡人當如何處之?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,蘭陵公親近群小,漸漬邪惡所習,存亡之機,不可不慎也!當選通經行義者與蘭陵公起居,坐則誦《詩》、《書》,立則習禮容,宜有所益,免受薄昭之罰。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:RecentlyIheardthatLanlingGongwasabsurdandunscrupulous,WhatshouldIdowithhim?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,LanLinggonghasrecentlybeenclosetothevillain,Andlearnedsomebadthings,Hehasreachedaverydangerouspoint,Youhavetohandlethiswithcare,Youshouldletthevirtuouspersonlivewithhim,Theseteachersusuallytaughthimtoreadandtaughthimmanners,Hewillcertainlyimprovehisownsoasnottobepunished,LikeBoZhao。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:潁川太守黃瓊在郡數年,政事愈治,何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,其為政厚教化,所至必聘其賢士,以禮待用,廣謀議,納諫爭;表孝悌有行,修治學官,春秋鄉射,陳鐘鼓、管弦,盛升降、揖讓;及郡試講武,設斧鉞、旌旗,習射、御之事;治城郭,收賦租,先明布告其日;以期會為大事。吏民敬畏,趨鄉之。又置正、五長,相率以孝悌;不得舍奸人,閭里阡陌有非常,吏輒聞知,奸人莫敢入界,是以大治。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Forseveralyears,HuangQionghasgovernedYingchuanverywell,Sirtoldmewhy?

xiaofan:Ithink,Hegovernedthecitywithastrongemphasisoneducation,Recruittalentedpeopleandrespectthem,Heexpandeddemocraticmeetingsandacceptedthesuggestionsofothers,Honoractsoffilialpietyandfraternity,Hesetupschoolstopromoteculture,Heattachesgreatimportancetothemilitarytoremindpeoplenottoforgetaboutsafety,Hewouldtellpeopleinadvancewhenhewastaxingandbuilding,Therefore,peoplerespectedandadmiredhimverymuch,Atthesametime,hesetupofficialstoteachpeoplefilialpietyandfraternity,Andhedemandedthatpeopleshouldnothideadulterers,Sopeopleareverycooperativewithhiswork,ItmakesYingchuan『sgovernancebetterandbetter。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:寡人聞有王道、霸道之別,何為王道?何為霸道?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,王霸無異道,昔三代之隆,禮樂、征伐自天子出,則謂之王道,天子微弱不能治諸侯,諸侯有能率其與國同討不庭,以尊王室者,則謂之霸道,其所以行之也,皆本仁祖義,任賢使能,賞善罰惡,禁暴誅亂是也。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,然,寡人慾王道、霸道雜而用之,陰陽不可偏廢爾。

chenmu:IwanttoknowwhatisthepathoftheHolyKingandwhatisthewayoftheOverlord,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Idon『tthinkthere『smuchdifferenceinnaturebetweenthetwo,Inancienttimes,emperorswereabletohandlepoliticsandmilitaryaffairsindependently,whichwasthewayoftheHolyKing,Theemperorwashumbleandcouldnotruleovervassalstates,Ifsomeoneuniteswithothervassalstatestofightagainstacountrythatdoesnotobeythecentralgovernment,andmaintaintheauthorityofthecentralgovernment,Thisisthewayoftheoverlord,Thereisareasonwhythesetwocanberecognizedbytheworld,Theyallpracticebenevolenceandupholdjustice,Appointtalents,rewardgoodness,punishevil,fightriots,andmaintainstability,That『saboutit。

chenmu:Sirisright,ButIwantedtostrikeabalancebetweenthetwo。

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