晉太宗宣武帝實錄15

晉太宗宣武帝實錄15

陳牧:《易》曰:困於石,據於蒺藜,入於其宮,不見其妻,凶。何也?先生教我?

蕭凡:臣以為,非所困而困焉,名必辱。非所據而據焉,身必危。既辱且危,死期將至,妻其可得見耶?

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Thereisadescription,Trappedinstonesandtribulus,hereturnedhomewithoutseeinghiswife,Thisisabadsign,Sirtaughtmewhat『sgoingon?

xiaofan:Ithink,Getstuckwiththingsthatshouldn『tbethere,Reputationcanbedamaged,Occupyplacesthatshouldn『tbeoccupied,Liveswillbeindanger,Ifbothofthesemistakeshavebeenmade,thenthetimeofdeathisnotfaraway,Thereforeitwasimpossibleforhimtomeethiswife。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:《易》曰:何校滅耳,凶。何也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,善不積,不足以成名;惡不積,不足以滅身。小人以小善為無益而弗為也,以小惡為無傷而弗去也。故惡積而不可揜,罪大而不可解。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Thereisasayingthatitisunluckytowearouttheears,Sirtaughtmewhat『sgoingon?

xiaofan:Ithink,Ifyoudon『tinsistondoinggoodthings,youcan『tbecomefamous,Ifyoukeepdoingbadthings,youwillputyourselfindeath,Thelittlemanthinksthatthesmallthingsofkindnessareuselessanddoesnotdoit,Thevillainthinksthatitdoesn『tmatterifhedoesevillittlethings,hewon『tchangeit,Thusevildeedsandsinshavereachedaninsolublepoint。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:何謂大丈夫也?先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,君子立天下之正位,行天下之正道,得志則與民由之,不得志則獨行其道,富貴不能淫,貧賤不能移,威武不能詘,是之謂大丈夫也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Sirtaughtmewhatabigmanis?

xiaofan:Ithink,Agentlemanstraightenshimselfoutanddoesthingswithdignity,Iftheyareinahighposition,theywillleadpeopletodosotogether,Iftheyareinalowposition,theywillinsistondoingsothemselves,Richescannotmakethemsexuallypromiscuous,Povertyandlowlinesscannotchangetheirambitions,Threatsandforcecannotmakethemafraid,Onlysuchapersoncanbecalledabigman。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:敢問先生,何謂天德?

蕭凡:臣以為,君子養心,莫善於誠。致誠無他,唯仁之守,唯義之行。誠心守仁則能化,誠心行義則能變。變化代興,謂之天德。天不言而人推高焉,地不言而人推厚焉,四時不言而百姓期焉。夫此有常,以至其誠者也。天地為大矣,不誠則不能化萬物;聖人為智矣,不誠則不能化萬民;父子為親矣,不誠則疏;君上為尊矣,不誠則卑。夫誠者,君子之守,而政事之本也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Iwanttoknowwhatthehighestvirtuis?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Thebestvirtueofagentlemanshouldbesincerity,Onlybyhavingkindnessinyourheartcanyoukeepyoursincerity,Onlybyhavingrighteousnessandsincerityinyourheartcanyoukeepit,Withbenevolenceandrighteousness,sinceritycanchangeinfinitelywithoutlosingitsessence,Thisisthehighestvirtue,Heavendoesnotspeakbutpeoplethinkheisclever,Thelanddoesnotspeakbutpeoplethinkheisgenerous,Theseasondoesnotspeakbutpeopleknowhewillcome,That『sbecausehemaintainsthepurestsincerity,Ifheavenandeartharenotsincere,allthingswillnotgrow,Ifasaintisnotsincere,hecannotimpressthepeople,Ifthefatherandsonarenotsincere,thentheywillbeestranged,Ifthekingisnotsincere,thenthereisnoonetoassisthim,Sincerityistheintegrityofagentleman,Atthesametime,itisalsothesourceofgovernance。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:敢問先生,國家之利勢,當以何持之?

蕭凡:臣以為,得道以持之,則大安也,大榮也,積美之源也。不得道以持之,則大危也,大累也,有之不如無之。及其綦也,索為匹夫,不可得也。齊湣、宋獻是也。故用國者義立而王,信立而霸,權謀立而亡。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Theburdenofthestateisveryheavy,HowcanIcarryit?Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Carryitwithjusticethenitwillmakeyousafeandhonorable,Itwillbethesourceofallthatisgood,Ifyoucarryitwithevilthenitwillputyouindangeranddistress,Intheend,itwastoolatetoregretit,Therefore,ifyoucarryitwithrighteousness,youwillbecalledaking,Ifyoucarryitwithletters,youwillbecalledahegemon,Carryingitwithdeceptionwillleadyoutoruin。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:古來帝王,多以驕奢而取敗,先生每犯顏切諫,不許我為非,我所以重之也,先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,大王導臣使言,臣所以敢言。若大王不受臣言,臣亦何敢犯龍鱗,觸忌諱也!所謂君明則臣直是也。唐太宗李世民曾言:以銅為鏡,可以正衣冠;以古為鏡,可以知興替;以人為鏡,可以明得失,大王得之矣。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Inthepast,mostkingsperishedbecauseofconceitandextravagance,Youhavealwayssuggestedtomeveryseriously,inordernottoletmedoanythingbad,Therefore,Ivalueyouverymuch,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,YouallowmetomakesuggestionsbeforeIdaretodoso,IfyouarenotwillingtoacceptmyadvicethenIdarenotoffend,Becauseyouareenlightened,theministerdarestosuggest,LiShiminoncesaid,Lookinginthemirrorallowsyoutodressneatly,Usinghistoryasamirrorcantellthereasonsfortheriseandfallofcountries,Usingtalentasamirrorallowsyoutoknowyourownrightandwrong,Youalreadyknowwhatitmeans。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:大理寺卿荀顗,殺我家臣,寡人慾罷其職,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,大王乃一國之君,今縱家臣而不奉公,則法削,法削則國弱,國弱則諸侯加兵,是無晉也,大王安得有社稷乎?以大王之貴,奉公如法則上下平,上下平則國強,國強則晉固,大王豈不尊榮,且大理寺卿荀顗奉公執法,而大王無故罷黜,恐失天下之望,臣竊以為不可。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。

chenmu:XunYikilledmyattendant,andIwantedtoremovehimfromhisofficialposition,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,Youarethekingofthecountrybutyouindulgetheservantsandneverobeythelaw,Thenthecredibilityofthelawwilldecline,Whenlegalcredibilitydeclines,thestatebecomesweaker,Thenothercountrieswilltaketheopportunitytoattackyou,It『saverydangerousthing,andyoucan『tendupholdingthecountry。Youarethenobleking,andifyoutaketheleadinobeyingthelaw,thenthecredibilityofthelawwillbeestablished,Becausethiscountryisgoingtobecomestrong,Thecountryhasbecomestronger,andasaking,youwillbemorehonorable。XunYanhandledcasesinaccordancewiththelaw,Youhavenoreasontoremovehim,I『mafraidyouwon『tbeabletoconvincethepeopleoftheworldbydoingthis,SoIdon『tquiteapproveofyoudoingthat。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陳牧:寡人願聞,聖王用人之道,先生教我。

蕭凡:臣以為,明王之使人有五:一曰以大體期之;二曰要其成功;三曰忠信不疑;四曰至公無私;五曰與天下同憂。以大體期之,則臣自重。要其成功,則臣勤懼。忠信不疑,則臣盡節。至公無私,則臣盡情;與天下同憂,則臣盡死。夫唯信而後可以使人也。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Iwonderhowthewisekingsofthepastusedtousetalent,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithinktherearefivemainpoints,Thefirstiswhetherhehasabigpictureview,Thesecondisbasedonthesizeofhiscredit,Thethirdisthatloyaltyandtrustarefine,Thefourthiswhetherheisjustandselfless,Thefifthiswhetherhecansufferwithothers,Onlyinthesewayscanyouusethemaccordingtodifferentsituations,Butbeforethat,there『sapremisethatyou『regoingtoshowyoursincerity,Otherwisetheywon『tlistentoyou。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

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